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Single Parenting- Positive and Negative
Effects on Academics
Single Parenting- Positive and
Negative Effects on Academics
by Matt Garrett
The emotional reaction which a person
has on hearing the phrase “single parent family” might very well depend
on his or her age.
For Americans who came of age before
1975, the mental picture of an ideal family, as portrayed by the media,
included two parents, one of whom, usually the father, was the
breadwinner. Those children who came from homes with only one parent
present were considered, by researchers, to be experiencing a “Family
Deficit Model.” Hardly an attitude designed to help single parents and
their children feel good about themselves.
Even worse, researchers did not look
past the lack of a father or mother to other factors common in
single-parent households when deciding that life in one of them
automatically doomed children to second-rate academic and social
performance. But with over three-fifths of all US children born in the
last twenty-five years now spending at least five years in a single
parent household, understanding single parenting positive and negative
effects on academics is crucial.
Research into the single parenting
positive and negative effects on academics is ongoing, but studies
completed in 1991 and 1997 indicated that there was a 300% higher high
school drop out rate among children from single family homes than among
those in ”nuclear” families. This was in spite of the fact that the
academic abilities of the dropouts in either group were equal.
One explanation for this statistic is
that single parents, often their family’s sole sources of income, cannot
always spend time overseeing their children’s study habits, or being
present at extracurricular activities. But an even bigger factor, and
probably the single most important one, in single parenting positive and
negative effects on academics is the typically lower income level of
single parent homes.
Among households of similar size and
equal income, regardless of the number of parents present, there is
little statistical difference in the children’s academic performance.
While this finding sheds real doubt on the assumption that a two parent
household is “better” for a child, it is really not surprising.
In a single parent household with an
adequate income, the parent will have more free time to devote to the
children’s studies and school activities. Children who have that sort of
support, even if from “only” one parent, are much better equipped to
deal with the intellectual and social demands of school than children in
either single or two parent households who do not have it.
It’s also been shown that children in
single parent homes who receive regular child support from the absent
parent will perform better academically than those who do not. This
factor has nothing to do with the single parenting abilities of the
parent with whom the child lives, but is another indication that the
biggest factor in single parenting positive and negative effects on
academics is not a matter of parenting style, but of income.
And in certain circumstances, a single
parenting positive effect on academics may actually stem from having a
mother who must work full time to support the family. The mother’s
income, of course, is an obvious benefit, but a 1986 study headed by Ann
Milne indicated that African American elementary school children in
low-income single parent homes with working mothers outperformed those
in low-income two-parent homes with stay-at-home mothers. When low
incomes are involved, it appears that children with mothers who struggle
to support them are inspired to overcome their disadvantages.
If the continuing research into single
parenting positive and negative effects on academics bears these earlier
findings out, we may learn that the secret to raising a successful,
well-adjusted student is nothing more than money
Author: Matt Garrett © 2007
http://www.positiveparentinghandbook.com/
Get your Free 12 Part Ecourse on
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